Circuit Response
every model has an edge, and the figure carries it
Generator

A part in ten thousand of ratio, and half a degree that costs 18% of a power reading

computed by solving, not by drawing. The two errors of a 1000:1 current transformer into a 10 Ω burden, read off one solve of a netlist driven by a current source. The magnetising inductance puts a high-pass under the measurement with a corner at 0.456 Hz, so the ratio error falls as the frequency rises — and stops falling at 100 parts per million, which is 1 − k and is a coupling rather than a frequency. The phase error falls too and is worth far more: 0.522° at 50 Hz is 0.0142% of the current and 18.2% of the power at a power factor of 0.05. What bounds it from above is not on this plot: the burden voltage is integrated by the core, so the largest primary current is 916 A at 50 Hz and proportionally more at 400.
A part in ten thousand of ratio, and half a degree that costs 18% of a power readingcomputed by solving, not by drawing. The two errors of a 1000:1 current transformer into a 10 Ω burden, read off one solve of a netlist driven by a current source. The magnetising inductance puts a high-pass under the measurement with a corner at 0.456 Hz, so the ratio error falls as the frequency rises — and stops falling at 100 parts per million, which is 1 − k and is a coupling rather than a frequency. The phase error falls too and is worth far more: 0.522° at 50 Hz is 0.0142% of the current and 18.2% of the power at a power factor of 0.05. What bounds it from above is not on this plot: the burden voltage is integrated by the core, so the largest primary current is 916 A at 50 Hz and proportionally more at 400.1µ10µ100µ1m10m100m1100m1101001k10k100kfrequency (hertz)error (fraction), and phase error (degrees ÷ 100)corner 0.456 Hz0.1% above 10.7 Hzthe floor: 1 − k = 100 ppmthe ratio error, and the phase error above itturns1000:1burden10 Ωmagnetising inductance4.189 Hcorner0.456 Hzratio error at 50 Hz142 ppmphase error at 50 Hz0.5225°…at a power factor 0.0518.22% of the reading0.1% ratio above10.7 Hzfloor, from 1 − k100 ppmcore saturates above916 A at 50 Hzsolved, then checked — one solve, two errors0.1% of ratio above 10.7 Hz

Drawn above at its default parameters, which is almost never how an essay calls it. A placement states the numbers that essay is arguing about, so the figure a reader meets is about that argument rather than about the generator — 98% of the placements on this site pass one, and the phase that raised that number from 12% found eight captions describing a figure the page was not showing.

At those defaults the edge it states is 0.1% of ratio above 10.7 Hz — the right-hand slot of the caption strip, which on this site is never used for anything else, and which is read back out of the drawing above rather than out of the code that wrote it. It belongs to Measurement, which is a circuit on a circuit, which is to say a change to it is a change to lib/figures/instruments.js. It takes a slider on burden resistance (ohms) with 7 settings, and every one of them has passed the same assertions as the frame above — a figure whose circuit stops doing what its caption says at any setting stops the build.

Called by 1 essay

which is the blast radius of changing it

The ammeter that is not in the circuit

A shunt measures a current by putting a resistance in the circuit, and every objection to it follows from that. A current transformer puts nothing in the circuit at all — a thousand-turn secondary reflects twelve microhms into the primary — and charges for it in a different currency: no response at direct current, a ratio error that stops falling at one minus the coupling, and a phase error of half a degree at fifty hertz that costs eighteen per cent of a power reading at a power factor of 0.05.

Measurement, which is a circuit on a circuit

Every generator