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Limits
- A band rather than an edge
- A boundary is a model and a tolerance
- Every model has an edge
- How small is small signal
- Kirchhoff's own frequency
- The capacitance a third switch moves
- The constant that is a window
- The edge that is a region
- The edges that are lengths
- The edges that move with the room
- The floor below any load
- The leak no switch can hold
- The logarithm is in the collector
- The one current a constant is right at
- The resistance a slow curve cannot see
- The resistance that bends the signal
- The shunt switch the source sizes
- The straight line between two models
- The width no load can change
- Three amplitudes, all of them one per cent
- Two boundaries removed, and one moved
- Two currents with one name
- Where an open switch leaks to
- Where the mechanisms are one mechanism
- The boundary that is a rise time
- How many straight lines a diode is
- Symmetry and a resistor together
- The load that rings with the line
- How long a track may be
- The offset that brings the even orders back
- Two decibels of matching for one of gain
- The heavier input that allows a longer track
- The load spread along the track
- The track that forks
- The edge of a chain
- The table that has to be refitted
- The delay a chain adds
- The resistor mismatch that is only an offset
- The stage that overshoots a little
Semiconductors
- A bias point is a solution, not a choice
- The buffer that is not a buffer
- The copy, and its two errors
- The device that never sees the swing
- The distortion a linear model cannot have
- The error that is a distribution
- The exponent that is a square
- The frequency a device sets for itself
- The input that pushes back
- The length that is a voltage
- The mismatch that cancels itself
- The order that stops helping
- The point the device is never at
- The product that is not the third
- The refusal, and what it was protecting
- The resistance that is below zero
- The sensor inside its own answer
- The source that holds to the supply
- Two millivolts a kelvin, and the wrong sign
- What a pair cancels, and what it only halves
- What a resistor in the emitter buys
- What matching does about temperature
- What the fourth order says about the third
- Where the two exponents come from
- The noise the cascode device does add
- The drop the lower device did not need
- The base current the mirror counts twice
- The resistor the upper base is held through
- The circuit with three bias points
- The bias point that heats itself
- The bias the gain does not set
- The trim that takes the drift with it
- The voltage at which the slope is zero
- The bow a trim leaves
- The node the bandwidth belongs to
- The overdrive at which temperature cancels
- The nodes a cascode hands the bandwidth to
- The follower that lets go on the way down
- What the cure at the base costs
- The fifth a resistor adds
Magnetics
- A boundary in volt-seconds
- Interleaving is a choice, not an improvement
- One dissipation, two exponents
- One number from two measurements
- The area a curve cannot have
- The assumption that is a geometry
- The boundary that is a starting point
- The copper that makes it worse
- The core the solver has to remember
- The current inside the iron
- The distribution the bench cannot see
- The duty cycle that costs nothing
- The energy is in the gap
- The exponent nobody put in
- The flux that walks
- The gap that is bigger than it is
- The gap that is three gaps
- The inductance that is a shape
- The inductance the current decides
- The inductor that is a capacitor
- The loss that depends on what it causes
- The optimum a spectrum moves
- The optimum that does not move
- The other half of the same window
- The resistance that grows with frequency
- The turns nearest the gap
- The walk that stops
- The wire that is not a foil
- Two inductances at one current
- Two ports from two one-ports
- What coupling buys, and where it does not
- Where the band goes entirely
- Which picture sets the upper edge
- The leakage a series reading cannot see
- The Q that peaks before resonance
- The Q a core allows
- The flux the reset leaves behind
- The band a turns ratio holds over
- The band counted in rise times
- The window that moves
Instruments
- A divider with two ratios
- The ammeter that is a resistor
- The ammeter that is not in the circuit
- The corner that says nothing about an edge
- The corner the instrument has no part in
- The cure that becomes a different circuit
- The current that does not reach the input
- The current the instrument draws
- The errors that arrive before the gain
- The four resistors that decide, and the two that do not
- The instrument's own rise time
- The millivolts in the wire
- The optimum that hands back a bandwidth
- The probe is part of the circuit
- The probe that takes a tenth
- The rail that is an input error
- The rejection four resistors decide
- The rejection the parts have
- The resistance that depends on the reading
- The sign of what the guard gives back
- The voltmeter four wires do not remove
- Two terminals measure the leads as well
- Every tooth the same height
- One voltage added to two readings
- A star is half a millimetre long
- The source that rings against its guard
- The resistor that moves the lag
- The pulse that ends before the heat
- The rejection two capacitors lose at their corner
- The second capacitor, and the tail that changes sign
- The second pole the ringing guard sees
- Two coupling stages without a buffer
- The ring a blocking capacitor buys
- The time constant one trimmer cannot reach
- The cure that needs one current
- The current a capacitor adds up
- The voltage four wires carry in
- The ring the ground lead adds
- The source the hook hides behind
- The branches a square root needs
Digital
- A floor, or a line
- A floor, or five tones
- A picosecond, read as bits
- An exact answer to a different question
- Flatness, and the two currencies it is bought in
- One bit, and where the noise went
- One knob, and the two exponents it turns
- Six decibels a bit, and the half step blamed on it
- The corner that moved
- The dither that is a decision
- The floor a converter sets
- The frequency a sample rate invents
- The loop that is worse at full scale
- The nulls are where nothing is
- The same filter, rounded twice
- The staircase on the way out
- Two loops, and the mismatch between them
- What the filter in front costs
- When a floor stops being a floor
- Which section goes first
- The floor every filter has
- Two thirds of a bit for a factor of twenty-eight
- The clock that is too fast
- The pole a straight line is worth
- Four rectangles and no filter
- Half a clock against a pole
- The frequency a band moves at
- A jitter that grows with the look
- The windows a real filter leaves
- The word length that is not a threshold
- The loop a reference allows
- A frequency that wanders
- The rate each reading needs
- One step of dither per moment
- The levels the loop cannot shape
- The integrator that leaks the zero away
- The rounding a section keeps
- Zero in, and not zero out
- The peak that is a corner
- The samples a rise time needs
Filters
- A ladder is not a cascade
- A resistor made of a clock
- Eight amplifiers, and what they add
- Flat delay, bought with more delay
- Flat magnitude, unflat delay
- One inductor, and ten components
- The band that closes with the order
- The band that does not close
- The boundary that improves when the part gets worse
- The filter that samples
- The floor that outlives the arithmetic
- The inductor that is an amplifier
- The offset that knows the signal
- The Q the amplifier decides
- The ripple that is a temperature
- The same filter a thousand times larger
- The selectivity that is not free
- The termination an even order cannot have
- The two resistors a ladder was designed between
- The zeros that buy an order
- Three families, one corner
- What a steep skirt costs
- What actually fills a null
- Where the Q comes from
- The null that is stationary in nothing
- The sign the null leaves behind
- The peak the amplifier moves
- The residue that has only one sign
- What a filter does not pass, it sends back
- The dual that is the same function
- The residue that falls with its slope
- The heat a delay predicts
- The load a filter is in its stopband
- The line from Bessel to Butterworth
- The delay that is a centre of mass
- The envelope that leaves early
- The attenuation a flat delay cannot buy
- The resistor that pays the amplifiers back
- The capacitance at the switched plate
- The Q designed for the amplifier
Lines
- A ladder is not a line
- A quarter wave, and the path the current takes back
- How wide a null is
- Several sections, and the band they buy
- Terminated at both ends
- The cable that hides two things
- The corner that is three decades wide
- The delay that is not one number
- The depth a resonance does not have
- The dip whose area is fixed
- The far end that cancels
- The inductor one mode cannot see
- The millimetre that becomes common mode
- The mismatch that the cable hides
- The permittivity a loss forbids
- The receiver that is a branch
- The resistor at the wrong end
- The sections a wavelength needs
- The staircase in time
- The via that is a piece of line
- The via two lines can weigh
- Two returns in one plane
- Where the current comes back
- Where the plane runs out
- The pad the stub comes out of
- The edge the loss delivers
- The slot that does not separate
- The common mode that has three slopes
- The skew in the glass
- The guard that is part of the return
- The angle two weaves allow
- The conductor made causal too
- The skew that moves with frequency
- The near end that stops growing
- The far end that is a derivative
- The termination that runs out
- The match with no upper edge
- The number that was wrong
- The heat a standing wave leaves
- The sections an edge needs
Applied
- A source below a frequency
- The amplitude nothing linear predicts
- The bridge that is linear near one point
- The capacitor across the upper resistor
- The current that sizes the transformer
- The decision taken where the ramp is slowest
- The delay that is two delays
- The direct voltage that is a sawtooth
- The floor a second capacitor removes
- The frequency that is not the formula
- The gain that is exactly one
- The leads that are in the bridge
- The period a delay lengthens
- The resistance that belongs in the winding
- The resistance that lowers the ripple
- The ripple that arrives as a comb
- The two leads nobody counts
- The walk the core sees
- Two capacitors that are one
- Two exponentials, and where they meet
- Two requirements pulling one capacitor
- Two thresholds because there is a floor
- What gets through from the rail
- What the limiter charges for
- The carrier a cable allows
- The capacitance the bias takes away
- The lead a divider can give
- The capacitance that is already a difference
- The resistance a supply's regulation counts
- The sensor that is the capacitance
- What a calibration at the carrier removes
- The spread a winding resistance holds
- The count a core survives
- The gain a tolerance demands
- The inductance that flattens the supply
- The gain an amplifier asks for, squared
- The load that rises slower than the loop
- Every draw shared, and nothing in common
- The lamp that has to be slow
- The reference that should be late
Transients
- A sum that is exact, and the estimate that is not
- One step, computed twice
- Shorted instead of opened, and the error changes sign
- Ten seconds, and fifteen minutes
- The best damping is not the one to build
- The cancellation that leaves a tail
- The capacitor that remembers
- The cliff before the fastest settling
- The diode that conducts backwards
- The gap a derivative needs
- The half a switch keeps
- The half that never arrives
- The heat a recovery leaves behind
- The phase the rule loses
- The pulse the heatsink does not feel
- The ringing that belongs to the rule
- The start a step takes from infinity
- The step that is too big
- Two ladders the terminals cannot tell apart
- Two numbers without solving for the waveform
- Where the behaviour is written down
- Where the estimate stops being a bound
- The slowest one decides it
- The rule between the two
- The parasitic that moves the start
- The threshold a delay is quoted at
- How long a large step takes to settle
- The tail the source decides
- How many relaxations a settling curve holds
- The tail with no slowest relaxation
- The Q a rule can show
- The root a ring of equal stages takes
- The swing a diode keeps
- The energy two capacitors cannot share
- The delay an inductance does not add
- The damping a zero asks for
- The recovery a Schottky does have
- Three cliffs, and where they are
- Two loops, and one heatsink
- The sample before the sample
Networks
- Every derivative, and the one that is zero
- Exact outside and wrong within
- The answer that is perfect and absurd
- The branch the other resistance decides
- The direction a response is most sensitive to
- The divider, and the thing it does not know about
- The load a curve recommends
- The matrix that is ill, and the answer that is not
- The node that is not in the circuit
- The reading that does care which way round
- The reading that does not care which way round it is
- The resistor that is not made of the resistors
- The source that is not a source
- The stage that is wrong is the far one
- The three tolerances that do nothing
- The tolerance that can only take away
- The tolerance that is not on any part
- Two solves that add, and the one that does not
- What a network answers, and how the answer is checked
- Where the matrix is worst, and where the answer is not
- The peak that only has a bound
- The source that must not be zeroed
- The cross terms that outnumber the sources
- The readings that add up and are wrong
- The R–2R ladder, built for the rest of itself
- How many sources the cross terms count
- The shape a tolerance does not print
- What a ratio does not see
- The derivative of a root
- The reference a sweep should keep
- The small leg of a large ratio
- The pole that crosses with the resistance
- The reduction that stays finite
- The readings that come back the same
- The resistance colder than the room
- How many readings a maximum takes
- The step that returns the digits
- The derivative that is a delay
- The digits the arithmetic did not have
- The conductance added so it would invert
Frequency
- How long a sweep waits at each step
- One solve, read four ways
- Resonance, and the bandwidth it sets exactly
- The resistor that is right in size and wrong in angle
- The arrow that goes past where it settles
- The capacitance that is not one number
- The capacitor that is an inductor
- The coefficient that is about one reading
- The corner error a filter hides in its sections
- The efficiency a fixed Q costs
- The energy that arrives first
- The gain margin the straight lines get exactly wrong
- The margin the straight lines report
- The match with no knob
- The phase a decibel buys
- The phase the magnitude already knows
- The Q the components allow
- The reading a data sheet does not take
- The resistor that is only a resistor
- The same part written two ways
- The straight lines, and where they are not the curve
- The zero that lifts the lines
- Three voltages that close on one, and the steady state they assume
- Two parasitics, and the resonance neither of them has
- Four readings of one distance
- The level the phase cannot know
- The two mirrors that change places
- The resistor that is a helix
- The circle a peak sits on
- A tolerance is an arrow
- A sweep that never stops
- Two parts that drift together
- The part that decides the match
- The Q a pi network makes a designer choose
- Five readings of one Q
- The zero the lines put on the wrong side
- The ring a drive leaves behind
- The zeros that have no side
- The resistor turned round
- The reading a coil leaves nearly exact
Feedback
- How much of the amplifier gets through
- Stable, and unstable with less gain
- The current above which there is no impedance
- The error a bigger resistor cannot help
- The factor the expression leaves out
- The gain the loop closes against
- The ideal amplifier, and where it stops being one
- The load that gets inside the loop
- The load that neither limit owns
- The loop that never crosses
- The node that is at ground for a while
- The path that buys the error back
- The rail the load moves
- The resistor that buys the margin back
- The step too large to have an impedance
- The tee that charges for its own compensation
- The window the resistors own
- Two measurements of one margin
- What is left at crossover
- What the load sees looking back
- What the second path costs at the floor
- Where the trouble is at the input
- The node that does not care how many
- The node that is an inductance
- The shelf a capacitor makes
- The compensation that costs nothing
- The resistor that holds the bottom of the shelf
- The sensor an integrator does not see
- Half to the amplifier, half to the resistors
- The area that feedback only moves
- The drift a tee multiplies
- The phase a delay never stops adding
- The band a sampled loop repays in
- The gain added to buy a margin
- The input that costs every other input
- One margin, and the gain under it
- The bandwidth the product still gets right
- Two wrong readings and one loop gain
- The gain that stops making a stage faster
- The margin a delay spends
Noise
- Only the real part is warm
- The amplifier inside the sample
- The bandwidth noise sees
- The bowl, and the bottom of it
- The ceiling is not at the output
- The corner where averaging stops working
- The filter an average is
- The floor a circuit has
- The floor a current sets
- The floor a resistor sets
- The floor that is only a floor while nothing flows
- The junction that is a resistor at zero volts
- The loss in front, counted twice
- The noise a clock does not make
- The ratio that does not walk to one
- The resistor in the same loop
- The resistor the noise comes from
- The sample that is subtracted
- The total that has no resistor in it
- The two generators that are one current
- Which way the noise goes
- The bandwidth a bin is not
- The window the square-root law has
- The order of the null, not the number of them
- The window a field-effect input wins in
- The count under the density
- A floor and a ceiling
- The noise a pad adds is its temperature
- The source resistance the flicker moves
- The average an integrator can hold
- The average that is not N times quieter
- Two generators with one cause
- One turns ratio for a band
- The ceiling a gain gives back
- The window that closes from the top
- The mean that makes a stopband
- The end a lossy line looks like
- The leak worth building in
- The floor the gains bring
- The resistors that sum a hundred amplifiers
Power
- The average a square root pulls low
- The capacitor that was right once
- The current that does no work
- The cycle a converter has to know
- The degrees a thermocouple cannot see
- The energy a unity power factor doubles
- The far end that rises
- The first cycle, which no steady state contains
- The floor and the ceiling move apart
- The half the neutral does not carry
- The headroom that is the line's own charge
- The inductance that limits, and lifts
- The load that has two voltages or none
- The load that may be complex
- The load that takes the most
- The loop gain one temperature understates
- The neutral that carries more than a line
- The noise a true-RMS meter reads low
- The pair that is worse than either
- The protection that is gone by the second time
- The reactance cancelled, and the resonance it buys
- The regulator that pushes past the nose
- Three phases, and the wire that carries nothing
- What a meter multiplies by
- The reactance that is not free
- The load for a source that will not hold still
- The window that forgives the period
- The drop a series capacitor can reach
- Sixty degrees, and the limit compensation stops raising
- What each element buys against the limit
- The peak a sagging receiver keeps
- The reactance the capacitor cannot reach
- The capacitor two-thirds of the way out
- The instant a transformer is worst at
- The harmonic that names an inrush
- The sequence a harmonic belongs to
- The peak a load step does not see
- The capacitor that is not where the load is
- The rule that reads the sign of the gain
- The reactor that keeps a bank out of it